The post-perovskite phase of (Mg,Fe)SiO3 is believed to be the main mineral phase of the Earth’s lowermost mantle (the D 00 layer). Its properties explain1–6 numerous geophysical obser- vations associated with this layer — for example, the D 00 discon- tinuity7, its topography8 and seismic anisotropy within the layer9. Here we use a novel simulation technique, first-principles metadynamics, to identify a family of low-energy polytypic stacking-fault structures intermediate between the perovskite and post-perovskite phases. Metadynamics trajectories identify plane sliding involving the formation of stacking faults as the most favourable pathway for the phase transition, and as a likely mechanism for plastic deformation of perovskite and post- perovskite. In particular, the predicted slip planes are {010} for perovskite (consistent with experiment10,11) and {110} for post- perovskite (in contrast to the previously expected {010} slip planes1–4). Dominant slip planes define the lattice preferred orientation and elastic anisotropy of the texture. The {110} slip planes in post-perovskite require a much smaller degree of lattice preferred orientation to explain geophysical observations of shear-wave anisotropy in the D 00 layer.

Anisotropy of Earth's D '' layer and stacking faults in the MgSiO3 post-perovskite phase

Laio, Alessandro;
2005-01-01

Abstract

The post-perovskite phase of (Mg,Fe)SiO3 is believed to be the main mineral phase of the Earth’s lowermost mantle (the D 00 layer). Its properties explain1–6 numerous geophysical obser- vations associated with this layer — for example, the D 00 discon- tinuity7, its topography8 and seismic anisotropy within the layer9. Here we use a novel simulation technique, first-principles metadynamics, to identify a family of low-energy polytypic stacking-fault structures intermediate between the perovskite and post-perovskite phases. Metadynamics trajectories identify plane sliding involving the formation of stacking faults as the most favourable pathway for the phase transition, and as a likely mechanism for plastic deformation of perovskite and post- perovskite. In particular, the predicted slip planes are {010} for perovskite (consistent with experiment10,11) and {110} for post- perovskite (in contrast to the previously expected {010} slip planes1–4). Dominant slip planes define the lattice preferred orientation and elastic anisotropy of the texture. The {110} slip planes in post-perovskite require a much smaller degree of lattice preferred orientation to explain geophysical observations of shear-wave anisotropy in the D 00 layer.
2005
438
1142
Ar, Oganov; R., Martonak; Laio, Alessandro; P., Raiteri; M., Parrinello
File in questo prodotto:
File Dimensione Formato  
nature04439.pdf

non disponibili

Licenza: Non specificato
Dimensione 206.39 kB
Formato Adobe PDF
206.39 kB Adobe PDF   Visualizza/Apri   Richiedi una copia

I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.

Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11767/13972
Citazioni
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.pmc??? ND
  • Scopus 215
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.isi??? 183
social impact