Self-gravitating non-topological solitons whose potential admits multiple vacua are promising candidates for exotic compact objects. Such objects can arise in several extensions of the Standard Model and could be produced in the early Universe. In this work, we focus on objects made from complex scalars (gravitating Q-balls/soliton boson stars), deriving analytic solutions in spherical symmetry and comparing them with fully numerical ones. In the high-compactness limit we find that these objects present an effectively linear equation of state, thus saturating the Buchdahl limit with the causality constraint. Far from that limit, these objects behave either as flat space-time Q-balls or (in the low-compactness limit) as mini boson stars stabilized by quantum pressure. We establish the robustness of this picture by analyzing a variety of potentials (including cosine, quartic and sextic ones).

Soliton boson stars, Q-balls and the causal Buchdahl bound / Bošković, Mateja; Barausse, Enrico. - In: JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS. - ISSN 1475-7516. - 2022:02(2022), pp. 1-24. [10.1088/1475-7516/2022/02/032]

Soliton boson stars, Q-balls and the causal Buchdahl bound

Bošković, Mateja
;
Barausse, Enrico
2022-01-01

Abstract

Self-gravitating non-topological solitons whose potential admits multiple vacua are promising candidates for exotic compact objects. Such objects can arise in several extensions of the Standard Model and could be produced in the early Universe. In this work, we focus on objects made from complex scalars (gravitating Q-balls/soliton boson stars), deriving analytic solutions in spherical symmetry and comparing them with fully numerical ones. In the high-compactness limit we find that these objects present an effectively linear equation of state, thus saturating the Buchdahl limit with the causality constraint. Far from that limit, these objects behave either as flat space-time Q-balls or (in the low-compactness limit) as mini boson stars stabilized by quantum pressure. We establish the robustness of this picture by analyzing a variety of potentials (including cosine, quartic and sextic ones).
2022
2022
02
1
24
032
10.1088/1475-7516/2022/02/032
https://arxiv.org/abs/2111.03870
Bošković, Mateja; Barausse, Enrico
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11767/126369
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