We study analytically the role of initial conditions in nonequilibrium quantum dynamics considering the one-dimensional ferromagnets in the regime of spontaneously broken symmetry. We analyze the expectation value of local operators for the infinite-dimensional space of initial conditions of domain wall type, generally intended as initial conditions spatially interpolating between two different ground states. At large times the unitary time evolution takes place inside a light cone produced by the spatial inhomogeneity of the initial condition. In the innermost part of the light cone the form of the space-time dependence is universal, in the sense that it is specified by data of the equilibrium universality class. The global limit shape in the variable x/t changes with the initial condition. In systems with more than two ground states the tuning of an interaction parameter can induce a transition which is the nonequilibrium quantum analog of the interfacial wetting transition occurring in classical systems at equilibrium. We illustrate the general results through the examples of the Ising, Potts and Ashkin-Teller chains. (C) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V.

Space of initial conditions and universality in nonequilibrium quantum dynamics / Delfino, Gesualdo; Sorba, Marianna. - In: NUCLEAR PHYSICS. B. - ISSN 0550-3213. - 983:(2022), pp. 1-16. [10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2022.115910]

Space of initial conditions and universality in nonequilibrium quantum dynamics

Delfino, Gesualdo
;
Sorba, Marianna
2022-01-01

Abstract

We study analytically the role of initial conditions in nonequilibrium quantum dynamics considering the one-dimensional ferromagnets in the regime of spontaneously broken symmetry. We analyze the expectation value of local operators for the infinite-dimensional space of initial conditions of domain wall type, generally intended as initial conditions spatially interpolating between two different ground states. At large times the unitary time evolution takes place inside a light cone produced by the spatial inhomogeneity of the initial condition. In the innermost part of the light cone the form of the space-time dependence is universal, in the sense that it is specified by data of the equilibrium universality class. The global limit shape in the variable x/t changes with the initial condition. In systems with more than two ground states the tuning of an interaction parameter can induce a transition which is the nonequilibrium quantum analog of the interfacial wetting transition occurring in classical systems at equilibrium. We illustrate the general results through the examples of the Ising, Potts and Ashkin-Teller chains. (C) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V.
2022
983
1
16
115910
10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2022.115910
https://arxiv.org/abs/2202.12608
Delfino, Gesualdo; Sorba, Marianna
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11767/130910
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