This book focuses on nanostructured semiconductors, their fabrication, and their application in various fields such as optics, acoustics, and biomedicine. The characterization of nanoscopic systems in the book comprises not only structural investigations but also their optical, electrical, and magnetic behavior. It presents a compendium of recent developments in nanostructured and hybrid materials and also contains a collection of principles and approaches related to nano-size semiconductors. The text summarizes the recent work by renowned scientists working in these fields. It lays emphasis on the synthesis by self-assembly or prestructuring and characterization methods of such nanosize materials and also discusses the potential applications of nanostructured semiconductors and hybrid systems. The book also gives adequate coverage to the novel properties of nanostructured and low-dimensional materials.